NPS Withdrawal Rules 2026: Higher Lump-Sum Limit, New Partial Withdrawal Rules and Tax Impact
Updated: 21 July 2026
The National Pension System has become more flexible following amendments notified by the Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority in December 2025. The revised rules mainly benefit private-sector, corporate and All Citizen Model subscribers by allowing a higher lump-sum withdrawal at retirement, easier premature exit and more partial withdrawals. (PFRDA PROD)
However, subscribers should understand an important difference: PFRDA withdrawal rules determine how much money can be withdrawn, while income-tax rules determine how much of that withdrawal is tax-free.
1. Normal NPS exit for private and non-government subscribers
For an All Citizen Model subscriber, an exit is now treated as a normal exit after completing 15 years of subscription or attaining 60 years of age, whichever happens earlier. Corporate NPS subscribers can normally exit on retirement or superannuation according to their employment rules.
The withdrawal options are:
The lump-sum portion may be taken in one payment or through facilities such as Systematic Lump Sum Withdrawal or Systematic Unit Redemption. (National Pension System Trust)
Major change
Earlier, non-government subscribers normally had to use at least 40% of their corpus for annuity. Under the revised rule, the compulsory annuity requirement has been reduced to 20%, allowing up to 80% lump-sum withdrawal.
2. Rules for government-sector NPS subscribers
For government-sector subscribers, the basic 60:40 retirement structure continues.
Where the accumulated pension wealth exceeds ₹12 lakh, a maximum of 60% may generally be withdrawn and at least 40% must be used to purchase an annuity. However, the full-withdrawal threshold has been increased to ₹8 lakh. Special options are also available where the corpus is between ₹8 lakh and ₹12 lakh.
Therefore, the new 80% lump-sum facility does not generally apply to government-sector subscribers.
3. Premature exit from NPS
The earlier minimum five-year lock-in requirement for premature exit under the All Citizen Model has been removed. A subscriber may now request a premature exit before completing the normal vesting period.
The applicable rules are:
- When the corpus is ₹5 lakh or less, the entire amount may be withdrawn.
- When the corpus is more than ₹5 lakh, only up to 20% can be withdrawn, while at least 80% must be used for annuity purchase.
These premature-exit conditions apply to both government and non-government subscribers, subject to the respective scheme provisions. (National Pension System Trust)
4. Latest partial withdrawal rules
A Tier-I subscriber can make the first partial withdrawal after completing three years in NPS.
The maximum withdrawal is 25% of the subscriber’s own contributions. Investment gains, employer contributions and returns earned on the account are not included while calculating this 25% limit.
Under the updated rules:
- Before attaining 60 years, partial withdrawal is permitted up to four times, with a minimum gap of four years between withdrawals.
- After attaining 60 years, withdrawals may be made any number of times until age 85, subject to a minimum gap of three years.
- For the second and subsequent withdrawals, the 25% limit is generally calculated on the incremental personal contributions made after the previous withdrawal.
Partial withdrawal is permitted for:
- Higher education or marriage of children.
- One-time purchase or construction of a residential house, subject to ownership conditions.
- Medical treatment or hospitalisation of the subscriber, spouse, children or parents.
- Expenses connected with disability or incapacitation.
- Settlement of an eligible financial obligation against a lien or charge created on the NPS account.
The medical withdrawal provision has been broadened. It is no longer restricted only to a specified list of critical illnesses.
5. Subscribers joining NPS after 60
Individuals joining NPS after reaching 60 years no longer have to complete a three-year vesting period before taking a normal exit. They may opt for normal exit at any time.
Where their corpus is up to ₹12 lakh, the entire accumulated pension wealth may be withdrawn. For a corpus above ₹12 lakh, up to 80% may be withdrawn and at least 20% must generally be used for annuity purchase.
The account can now remain active until the subscriber reaches 85 years of age. Subscribers who do not initiate an exit may automatically continue under NPS, subject to the applicable rules.
6. Is the entire 80% withdrawal tax-free?
This is the most important point for subscribers.
Although PFRDA now permits eligible non-government subscribers to withdraw up to 80% as a lump sum, the current income-tax exemption on closure or exit from NPS remains restricted to 60% of the total corpus.
Therefore, the portion withdrawn above the 60% exemption limit may not receive the same tax exemption and may become taxable according to the subscriber’s applicable tax position. Partial withdrawals within the permitted limit of 25% of personal contributions are exempt under the applicable income-tax provisions. (Etds)
For example, if an eligible subscriber has an NPS corpus of ₹20 lakh:
- PFRDA rules may permit withdrawal of up to ₹16 lakh, representing 80%.
- The income-tax exemption presently covers up to ₹12 lakh, representing 60% of the total corpus.
- The tax treatment of the additional ₹4 lakh should be evaluated before making the exit request.
What NPS subscribers should do
Before withdrawing, check whether your account belongs to the government, corporate or All Citizen category. Also compare the immediate need for money with the regular pension that an annuity can provide.
Most importantly, do not assume that every amount permitted for withdrawal is automatically tax-free. Obtain professional tax advice when choosing an 80% lump-sum withdrawal, systematic withdrawal or annuity combination.
Disclaimer: This article is for educational and informational purposes only. NPS and taxation rules may be amended. Subscribers should verify the latest provisions with PFRDA, NPS Trust, their CRA and a qualified tax adviser before initiating a withdrawal.
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NISM-Series-X-A Investment Adviser Level 1 examination completed
Amit writes about Indian equity markets, technical analysis, macro themes and the day-to-day mechanics of trading, with a focus on making the flow of global markets legible for retail investors. He has completed the NISM-Series-X-A Investment Adviser Level 1 examination.
